The Dynamics of Bacterial Contamination of the Genital Organs in Sows during the Puerperium

Vlcek Z., R. Svo bodova: The Dynamics of Bacterial Contamination of the Genital Organs in Sows During the Puerperium. Acta Vet. Brno, 49, 1980: 231-236. In 47 primiparous Large White sows, slaughtered at various times during the puerperium, the extent, degree and dynamics of bacterial contamination of the genital organs, was ascertained. The frequency of bacteria in the cranial parts of the sexual routes the oviducts and the uterus was markedly lower than in the caudal sections the vagina and the vaginal vestibulum. The dynamics of bacterial contamination of the uterus showed a declining trend during the puerperium, and the number of bacteria was soon reduced and eliminated. Temporarily appearing saprophytic species were dominant in the microflora, as well as facultative pathogenic bacterial species, and sporadically there were isolated pathogenic species. Reproduction, pig, puerperium, genital tract, bacterial content. The increase of the large-scale rearing of pigs is conditioned. by the scientific management 0 I production, requiring intense study and an all-round extension of knowledge of physiologicaf .and pathological processes in the genital organs, which influence reproduction. In our studies we have directed our attention to the puerperium, which is a relatively little stu-died subject, yet, at the same time for the further utilizing of breeding, a very important section "of the reproductive cycle of sows (Kudlac et a1. 1977a; Kudl ac et a1. 1977b; Kudlac 1977). In the presented paper we irrestigated the relation of one of the environmental factors the bacterial flora contaminating the genital routes to the course of the puerperium. It must be stated that the problem of the part of bacterial contamination or infection played in ,the disturbances of reproduction in sows has as yet not been sufficiently investigated. Most papers have dealt with the infectious causes of abortion (Aamdal 1970; Beninghaus et a1. 1974: Jacob 1974; Va cev and Djakov 1970). The occurrence of microbes in the genital organs of sows in the puerperium were considered especially in connection with bacterial infections and intoxications, -constituting a part of the MMA syndrome (Fiebinger et a1. 1975; Jones 1971; Mohai 1976; 'Wesemeier et a1. 1975). Other authors primarily concerned themselves with the study of bacterial fllora as etiological factors of the disturbances of fertility in sows (D 0 t Y and V 0 r hie s 1971; McErlean 1969; Fikejz 1977; Haj o vsky and Garnclk 1966; Khan 1972; Vlcek 1977) . .Also papers on bacteria in the genital tracts of sows in other phases of the physiological reproductive cycle are isolated (Zaki Syed and Manjrekar 1970; Olejnik 1975). Other than in the 'situation with cows, where there are numerous papers, we found no mention of a protective system -of the genital organs against microbial infection and the dynamics of bacterial contamination -of the genitals in the course of the physiological puerperium.